How to Switch Between Blockchain Networks in MetaMask

MetaMask is a widely-used cryptocurrency wallet and gateway to blockchain applications. It allows users to interact with multiple blockchain networks seamlessly. Whether you're accessing decentralized applications (dApps) or managing various tokens, knowing how to switch networks is essential. This guide provides a clear, step-by-step explanation of network switching—both manually and programmatically—while maintaining security and ease of use.

Understanding Blockchain Networks in MetaMask

MetaMask supports numerous blockchain networks beyond the default Ethereum Mainnet. Each network operates independently and hosts unique dApps, assets, and services. Commonly used networks include:

• Ethereum Mainnet
• Binance Smart Chain
• Polygon (formerly Matic)
• Avalanche
• Arbitrum
• Optimism

Switching networks allows you to explore different ecosystems, participate in cross-chain activities, and optimize transaction fees. Always ensure you’re on the correct network to avoid errors or failed transactions.

How to Manually Switch Networks in MetaMask

Follow these straightforward steps to change networks using the MetaMask interface:

1. Open your MetaMask wallet browser extension or mobile app.
2. Locate the network dropdown menu at the top of the interface. It typically displays the current network (e.g., "Ethereum Mainnet").
3. Click the dropdown to view a list of pre-configured networks.
4. Select your desired network from the list. MetaMask will instantly switch, refreshing your balance and transaction history.

If the network isn’t listed, you can add it manually:

1. Click "Add Network" or "Custom RPC" at the bottom of the dropdown.
2. Enter the required details: Network Name, RPC URL, Chain ID, Currency Symbol, and Block Explorer URL.
3. Save the settings. The new network will now appear in your list.

Programmatic Network Switching with JavaScript

Developers can integrate network switching directly into dApps using MetaMask's API. This enhances user experience by automating network changes when interacting with multi-chain applications.

Below is a sample code snippet to switch networks programmatically:

async function switchNetwork(chainId) {
  try {
    await window.ethereum.request({
      method: 'wallet_switchEthereumChain',
      params: [{ chainId: chainId }],
    });
    console.log(`Switched to network with chain ID: ${chainId}`);
  } catch (error) {
    if (error.code === 4902) {
      console.error("This network is not available. Please add it manually.");
    } else {
      console.error("Network switching failed:", error);
    }
  }
}

// Example: Switch to Binance Smart Chain
switchNetwork('0x38');

This code requests a network switch using the chain ID. If the network isn’t configured, it returns an error, prompting the user to add it.

Adding a New Network Programmatically

For networks not pre-installed in MetaMask, you can add them via code. This is useful for dApps that operate on less common blockchains.

Example code to add Polygon Mainnet:

async function addPolygonNetwork() {
  try {
    await window.ethereum.request({
      method: 'wallet_addEthereumChain',
      params: [{
        chainId: '0x89',
        chainName: 'Polygon Mainnet',
        nativeCurrency: {
          name: 'MATIC',
          symbol: 'MATIC',
          decimals: 18,
        },
        rpcUrls: ['https://polygon-rpc.com/'],
        blockExplorerUrls: ['https://polygonscan.com'],
      }],
    });
    console.log("Polygon network added successfully.");
  } catch (error) {
    console.error("Failed to add network:", error);
  }
}

addPolygonNetwork();

Always verify RPC URLs and chain details from official sources to prevent phishing risks.

Best Practices for Secure Network Switching

• Verify network details: Only use official documentation or trusted sources when adding custom networks.
• Check token compatibility: Assets may not be visible or transferable across networks.
• Monitor gas fees: Transaction costs vary significantly between networks.
• Stay alert: Scammers sometimes create fake networks; double-check URLs and chain IDs.

👉 Explore multi-chain strategies to enhance your blockchain interactions across networks.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why can’t I see my tokens after switching networks?
Tokens are network-specific. If you switch from Ethereum to Polygon, for example, only Polygon-based tokens will appear. Ensure you’re on the correct network and that the token is supported there.

How do I find the correct RPC URL for a custom network?
Visit the official website or documentation of the blockchain network. Reputable projects provide public RPC endpoints and detailed configuration guides.

Is it safe to add custom networks in MetaMask?
Yes, if you use verified information from trusted sources. Avoid unknown networks to prevent potential security risks.

Can I switch networks on the MetaMask mobile app?
Yes. The process is similar: tap the network name at the top, select from the list, or add a custom network through settings.

What is a Chain ID, and why is it important?
A Chain ID is a unique identifier for a blockchain network. It ensures you’re connecting to the intended network and prevents transaction broadcast errors.

Why does my transaction fail after switching networks?
This could be due to insufficient gas fees, network congestion, or incorrect network settings. Verify all parameters and try again.

Conclusion

Switching between blockchain networks in MetaMask is a fundamental skill for navigating the decentralized web. Whether you do it manually through the interface or programmatically via code, understanding this process empowers you to explore diverse dApps and manage assets across multiple blockchains. Always prioritize security by double-checking network details and using reliable resources.