zkSync is a leading Layer 2 scaling solution for Ethereum, designed to make transactions faster and cheaper while maintaining the same high level of security as the Ethereum mainnet. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know as a beginner to start using zkSync effectively.
What is zkSync?
zkSync is a zero-knowledge rollup (ZK-rollup) protocol that operates on top of the Ethereum blockchain. It bundles multiple transactions off-chain, generates a cryptographic proof, and then posts that proof back to the main Ethereum chain. This process drastically reduces congestion and gas fees for users.
A key advantage of zkSync is its robust security model. Since the validity proofs are verified on Ethereum, it inherits the security guarantees of the mainnet. The platform is built with a strong focus on user experience, scalability, and eventual decentralization.
Getting Started with zkSync
Before you can interact with applications on zkSync or move assets, you need to connect your Web3 wallet. The process is straightforward, but if it's your first time, you'll need to activate your wallet on the network.
How to Connect Your Wallet
Connecting your wallet is your first step into the zkSync ecosystem.
- Navigate to the official zkSync wallet portal.
- Click the 'Connect Wallet' button, usually found prominently on the homepage.
- A pop-up window will appear with a list of supported wallet options, such as MetaMask, WalletConnect, or others.
- Select your wallet from the list and authorize the connection through your wallet's interface.
Upon successful connection, your wallet address will be active on the zkSync network. For first-time users, this step also serves to register or activate your wallet on Layer 2. Remember, you will need to sign a message to verify ownership whenever you initiate a transaction.
How to Deposit Funds into zkSync
A deposit refers to moving your assets from the Ethereum mainnet (Layer 1) to zkSync (Layer 2). This is necessary to start using dApps and making low-cost transfers.
- Ensure your wallet is connected to the zkSync wallet interface.
- Click on the '+ Deposit' button.
- Select the token you wish to deposit (e.g., ETH, USDC).
- Enter the amount you want to transfer to Layer 2.
- Review the transaction details, including the estimated gas fee for the Layer 1 operation, and confirm the deposit.
Your assets will soon be available in your zkSync wallet. You can monitor the progress of this transaction.
Making Transfers on zkSync
Transferring assets on zkSync is a Layer 2 to Layer 2 operation, meaning you can send funds to another zkSync wallet address with minimal fees and fast confirmation times.
- From your wallet homepage, click the 'Transfer' button.
- Enter the recipient's wallet address.
- Choose the token and the amount you wish to send.
- Review the details and sign the transaction with your wallet.
The transfer is typically confirmed within seconds. It's important to note that this action only moves assets within the zkSync ecosystem; it does not bridge assets back to Layer 1.
How to Withdraw Funds to Ethereum Mainnet
When you want to move your assets back to the Ethereum mainnet, you initiate a withdrawal. This process involves submitting a request on Layer 2 and waiting for the funds to be processed and made available on Layer 1.
- In your zkSync wallet, locate and click the '- Withdraw' button.
- Select the token and enter the amount you wish to withdraw.
- You will see an estimated fee. Withdrawal fees are higher than transfer fees as they involve a Layer 1 transaction.
- Confirm and sign the transaction.
The withdrawal process includes a challenge period, which is a security feature. Your funds will be available on Ethereum after this period concludes.
Checking Your Transaction Status
Understanding how to track your transactions is crucial. zkSync provides its own block explorer for monitoring activity.
- For Layer 2 Transactions: Use the zkSync block explorer to look up transaction hashes or your wallet address. You can see if a transaction is Pending (awaiting commitment) or Verified (proof has been validated on Ethereum).
- For Layer 1 Transactions (Deposits/Withdrawals): You can also use a mainnet explorer like Etherscan to track the initial deposit or the finalization of a withdrawal.
Your zkSync wallet interface also provides a history tab where you can see all your transactions and their current statuses.
👉 Explore the official zkSync bridge
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between a transfer and a withdrawal?
A transfer moves assets between two addresses on zkSync (Layer 2) and is very fast and cheap. A withdrawal moves assets from zkSync (Layer 2) back to the Ethereum mainnet (Layer 1), which takes longer and incurs a higher gas fee because it requires a transaction on Ethereum itself.
How long does a withdrawal take to complete?
The withdrawal process involves a security challenge period, which typically takes several hours. This is a standard security measure for ZK-rollups. After this period, you can finalize the withdrawal and receive your funds on Layer 1.
Are my funds safe on zkSync?
Yes. zkSync uses zero-knowledge proofs to secure all transactions. The state of zkSync is continuously verified on the Ethereum mainnet, meaning it inherits the full security of Ethereum. Your funds are never custodied by a third party.
Do I need to pay gas fees on zkSync?
Yes, but they are significantly lower than on Ethereum Mainnet. Gas fees on zkSync are paid in the same token you are transacting with (e.g., ETH) and are used to cover the cost of computation and storage on the network.
Which wallets are compatible with zkSync?
zkSync supports popular Web3 wallets like MetaMask, WalletConnect, and Ledger. Always ensure you are using the official websites and links when connecting your wallet to avoid phishing scams.
What can I do with my assets on zkSync?
Once your assets are on zkSync, you can use them for fast and cheap transfers, trade on decentralized exchanges (DEXs), provide liquidity, mint NFTs, and interact with a growing ecosystem of decentralized applications.